What are therapeutic alternatives for Azacitidine Injection?

Comment by InpharmD Researcher

We are uncertain whether a music-based motivational intervention may increase adherence to ACTs or affect the risk of hospitalisation for a respiratory infection. We are also uncertain whether an educational intervention increases adherence to exercise or reduces the frequency of respiratory infection-related hospital admission. However, these results are largely based on self-reported data and the impact of strategies to improve adherence to ACT and exercise in children and adolescents with stable CF remains inconclusive.

  

We graded all evidence as very low certainty. This study reported adherence to ACTs using the Morisky-Green questionnaire and also participants' perception of treatment time and enjoyment, which may influence adherence (outcome not reported specifically in this review). We are uncertain whether participants who received specifically-composed music may be more likely to adhere at six and 12 weeks compared to those who received usual care, risk ratio (RR) 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07 to 2.86) and RR 1.56 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.40) respectively.

Background

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting genetic disorder predominantly affecting the lungs and pancreas. Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) and exercise therapy are key components of physiotherapy, which is considered integral in managing CF; however, low adherence is well-documented. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD.

Poor physiotherapy adherence may lead to repeated respiratory infections, reduced exercise tolerance, breathlessness, reduced quality of life, malaise and reduced life expectancy, as well as increased use of pharmacology, healthcare access and hospital admission. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. Therefore, evidence-based strategies to inform clinical practice and improve adherence to physiotherapy may improve quality of life and reduce treatment burden.

To assess the effects of interventions to enhance adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise therapy in people with CF and their effects on health outcomes, such as pulmonary exacerbations, exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, compiled from electronic database searches and handsearching of journals and conference abstract books.

We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs of parallel design assessing any intervention aimed at enhancing adherence to physiotherapy in people with CF versus no intervention, another intervention or usual care. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. Two review authors independently checked search results for eligible studies and independently extracted data.

Relevant Prescribing Information

One study employed an intervention to improve adherence to exercise and the second an intervention to improve adherence to ACT. Both studies measured outcomes at baseline and at three months, but neither study formally assessed our primary outcome of adherence in terms of our planned outcome measures, and results were dependent on self-reported data. Adherence to ACTs One RCT (43 participants) assessed using specifically-composed music alongside ACTs compared to self-selected or no music (usual care). The ACT process consisted of nebuliser inhalation treatment, ACTs and relaxation or antibiotic nebuliser treatment. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested.

For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD. Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD.

Literature Review

A search of the published medical literature revealed 1 study investigating the researchable question:

What are therapeutic alternatives for Azacitidine Injection?

Level of evidence

C - Multiple studies with limitations or conflicting results  Read more→


Please see Table 1 for your response.

 

Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD.

Design

Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD.

Objective

Filamentous fungi have the ability to grow on diverse types of materials, including various organic residues and lignocellulosic biomasses and their conversion products. However, materials for fungal cultivation, particularly those intended for food applications, should be suitable for human consumption. Hence, the use of materials that do not contain physical, chemical, and microbiological hazards is suggested. For this purpose, raw materials for the production of fungal-based food products. Filamentous fungi-based products are available on a commercial scale in the food and biochemicals industries. Various types of fungal fermented foods have been sold in many countries, particularly in Asia, for years, and they contribute to the national economy of the country. For instance, 81 thousand tempe production industries in Indonesia produced 2.4 million tons of tempe per year and generated 2.6 billion USD.

Study Groups

Only the separate groups and their cohort number (n) should be listed. You can describe more details of the cohorts in the methods section so this section can stay very succinct.

Inclusion Criteria

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Exclusion Criteria

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Methods

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Duration

Include the duration of the trial as a whole, as well as the duration of the interventions.

Outcome Measures

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All outcome measures listed should correlate directly/exactly with the results presented later.

Baseline Characteristics

  

A

B

  

Age, years

      

Female

     

White

      

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Include relevant baseline characteristics that will provide a general (big picture) view of the patients in the study.

Results

Endpoint

A

B

p-Value

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----

      

All results listed should correlate directly/exactly with the outcome measures presented previously.Results that do not have to do with the inquiry should not be included; just the stated outcomes need corresponding results.


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Adverse Events

Common Adverse Events: (or those deemed frequent; if not listed in study, use N/A or “Not disclosed”)

Serious Adverse Events: (or those deemed high risk; if not listed in study, use N/A or “Not disclosed”)

Percentage that Discontinued due to Adverse Events: (if not listed in study, use N/A or “Not disclosed”)

Study Author Conclusions

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InpharmD Researcher Critique

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